The ERCB is authorized by the province to ensure that energy development occurs in an orderly fashion that benefits all Albertans. The ERCB also makes certain that development occurs in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner.

Oil and gas activity can affect numerous groups, such as neighbouring communities, farmers and ranchers, First Nations peoples, recreational land users, and local businesses, as well as the operating company, its employees, and contractors, all of whom have a stake in an energy development.

The ERCB also makes sure that everyone affected by development has the opportunity to be heard. When conflicts among industry players or between companies and landowners are unresolved, the ERCB may intervene to ensure that the issues are settled in a fair and equitable way.